Individual differences in children's private speech: the role of imaginary companions.

Imaginary companions and young children's responses to ambiguous auditory stimuli: implications for typical and atypical development.

BACKGROUND Previous research has reported a link between imaginary companions (ICs) in middle childhood and the perception of verbal material in ambiguous auditory stimuli. These findings have been interpreted in terms of commonalities in the cognitive processes underlying children's engagement with ICs and adults' reporting of imaginary verbal experiences such as auditory verbal hallucinations...

Marjorie Taylor: Children's imaginary companions

The study of relationship between bilingualism and private speech with English learning in elementary school students

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between gender and bilingualism with English learning among 7-11 years old students. Methodology: 261 students (124 girls and 157 boys) were selected through multi-stage sampling method from elementary school. Employing check list the level of English scores was obtained .The children's private speech obtained from listening to them when they we...

Private speech in preschool children: developmental stability and change, across-task consistency, and relations with classroom behaviour.

This study examined (a) developmental stability and change in children's private speech during the preschool years, (b) across-task consistency in children's self-speech, and (c) across-setting relations between children's private speech in the laboratory and their behaviour at home and in the preschool classroom. A group of 32 normally developing three- and four-year-old children was observed ...

Private speech use in arithmetical calculation: contributory role of phonological awareness in children with and without mathematical difficulties.

The majority of recent studies conclude that children's private speech development (private speech internalization) is related to and important for mathematical development and disabilities. It is far from clear, however, whether private speech internalization itself plays any causal role in the development of mathematical competence. The main concerns of the present study were whether phonolog...